Impacto del control glucémico estricto en pacientes con diabetes tipo 2. Una revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26820/recimundo/9.(2).abril.2025.442-457Palabras clave:
Control glicémico estricto, Diabetes mellitus tipo 2, Hipoglucemia, Enfermedades cardiovasculares, Revisión sistemáticaResumen
La diabetes tipo 2 (DM2) es una enfermedad crónica que plantea en gran medida el peligro de enfermedades cardiovasculares y microvascular Se sugiere un manejo estricto de la glicemia en la sangre para disminuir estos peligros, pero sus ventajas y posibles resultados negativos aún se debaten. Esta revisión sistemática buscó analizar la influencia del control glicémico estricto del azúcar en la sangre en individuos con diabetes tipo 2, concentrándose en sus consecuencias para la salud del corazón y los problemas de los vasos sanguíneos, Este estudio se enfocó en el manual para elegir y combinar la investigación de revisiones sistemáticas PRISMA. Se incluyó una investigación primaria que involucró a adultos con diabetes tipo 2, lo que comparó el manejo estricto de la glicemia en la sangre (HBA1C ?7%) con el control habitual, la evaluación del corazón, los vasos sanguíneos y los resultados de esta enfermedad. Se incorporaron pruebas clínicas aleatorias y estudios grupales de seguimientos. Las bases de datos buscadas incluyeron PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science y Cochrane Biblioteca, centrándose en los años 2000-2025. Se utilizaron los estándares del modelo PICOS para la calificación, y la evaluación de la calidad se realizó con la herramienta de riesgo de sesgo de Cochrane. Los resultados: incluyeron 36 artículos de investigación (14 cohortes ECA y 8) fueron parte del análisis, que involucró de 20.000 pacientes La mayoría de los estudios indicaron que el control glicémico estricto reduce las complicaciones microvasculares, pero ofrece menores beneficios para eventos cardíacos significativos Ciertas investigaciones indicaron una mayor probabilidad de hipoglucemia severa en la sangre Las limitaciones principales fueron la heterogeneidad de los puntos de corte en los niveles umbral de HbA1c y la duración variable del seguimiento. Como conclusiones se tiene que el control glicémico estricto podría ayudar a disminuir las complicaciones microvasculares, pero debe adaptarse a los detalles de salud de cada persona Se sugieren estudios futuros con métodos personalizados.Descargas
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Derechos de autor 2025 Emilio José Martínez Benítez, Carlos César Martínez Benitez, Heydi María Estrada Milian, Fernando Alberto Martínez Florencia
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