Fracasos en restauraciones adhesivas en pacientes que acuden a la Facultad de Odontología en Ecuador. Una revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26820/recimundo/9.(2).abril.2025.387-404Palabras clave:
Restauraciones adhesivas, Fracaso clínico, Filtración marginal, Revisión sistemática, Sostenibilidad en odontologíaResumen
Las restauraciones adhesivas representan un pilar en la odontología restauradora contemporánea por su efectividad funcional y estética. No obstante, el fracaso clínico de estas restauraciones sigue siendo una preocupación, especialmente en contextos universitarios donde se combinan formación clínica y atención a pacientes. Esta revisión sistemática tuvo como objetivo identificar, analizar y sintetizar los principales factores asociados al fracaso de restauraciones adhesivas en pacientes que acuden a la Facultad de Odontología. Se aplicó la metodología PRISMA 2020 para la selección rigurosa de estudios publicados entre 2000 y 2025. La búsqueda se realizó en bases de datos científicas como PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science y SciELO. Se incluyeron estudios observacionales y ensayos clínicos en humanos, redactados en inglés o español. La calidad metodológica fue evaluada con herramientas como CASPe y el índice de sesgo. De los 317 estudios inicialmente identificados, se incluyeron 34 que cumplían con los criterios de elegibilidad. Los principales factores de fracaso identificados fueron la filtración marginal, desadaptación cavitaria, fracturas del material, sensibilidad postoperatoria y caries secundaria. También se halló una relación significativa entre la experiencia clínica del operador y la durabilidad de las restauraciones. La falta de seguimiento clínico sistemático fue una limitante frecuente. Esta revisión sistemática resalta la necesidad de mejorar tanto los protocolos clínicos como la formación profesional en restauraciones adhesivas. Además, promueve una visión ecológica al considerar el impacto ambiental del reemplazo frecuente de materiales dentales.Descargas
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Derechos de autor 2025 José Luis Egas Sánchez, Rosa Viviana Tutasi Benítez, Carol Andrea Gavilanes Sánchez, Lenin Stalin Suasnabas Pacheco
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