Las enfermedades sistémicas y su repercusión en la salud oral. Una revisión sistemática
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26820/recimundo/8.(4).diciembre.2024.66-78Keywords:
Enfermedades sistémicas, Salud oral, Diabetes mellitus, Enfermedades autoinmunes, PeriodontitisAbstract
La finalidad de esta obra de revisión sistemática fue revisar la relación entre las enfermedades sistémicas y la salud oral, describiendo la forma de la que patologías como la diabetes, consideradas enfermedades cardíacas, enfermedades autoinmunes, influyen en la cavidad oral. El objetivo se llevó a cabo de acuerdo con los marcos metodológicos no solo de los marcos PRISMA, con búsquedas sistemáticas fundamentadas en bases de datos como PubMed, Scopus y Web of Science, además de términos MeSH relacionados con las enfermedades sistémicas y la salud oral; se introdujeron estudios publicados durante la última década que se eligieron de acuerdo con los criterios de inclusión y exclusión que se centraron en estudios de observación, ensayos científicos y revisiones que fueran pertinentes De un total de 1.200 estudios seleccionados oralmente, se eligieron 25 artículos en función de los criterios. Los resultados sugirieron que las enfermedades sistémicas contribuyen a la aparición de patologías orales como la periodontitis, la xerostomía, las caries o las lesiones de la mucosa, y que la diabetes mellitus y las enfermedades cardiovasculares fueron las más frecuentemente asociadas a una eventualidad oral, mientras que la existencia de enfermedades autoinmunes como el lupus eritematoso sistémico tuvo un impacto sobre la mucosa oral. Las conclusiones del artículo de revisión sistemática afirman que existe una relación bidireccional entre las enfermedades sistémicas y la salud oral, aun siendo necesario un enfoque interdisciplinario para su tratamiento. La detección precoz de los problemas, así como la interacción entre los dentistas y los demás profesionales de la salud, son claves para la prevención de complicaciones.Downloads
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